Dorothy Of The White House - 1355 Words

Dorothy Day grew up without a Catholic background, but had a strong will for social justice. She was a natural pacifist which she expressed even before converting to Catholicism. She worked for the Call which encouraged her picketing and strikes against social injustices. (57) Later, Dorothy also protested with women against suffragists in front of the White House and was arrested. During her time in prison, she got involved with a hunger strike which caused the demands to be met. (82) She had a strong will for the fairness of others. Dorothy had lived in an apartment in Chicago for a short time. She became acquainted with Catholicism in a couple she had met there. After analyzing them, she realized they are not lonely like she is because they are Catholic. They have a God to love and pray to. (106) Dorothy began to gain Catholic faith while she was in a common law marriage with an atheist anarchist named Forster. He disagreed with and discouraged her faith, but this didn’t stop her. She found out she was pregnant with his child and wanted to baptize her in the Catholic church after she was born and later got herself baptized after working hard to learn religion. Forster left her for this. She chose God over man by this point. (140) This showed how important her faith was in her life. The Great Depression began and Dorothy’s awareness of the need for Catholic stance grew. â€Å"It was a time for pressure groups, for direct action, and radicalism was thriving among all groupsShow MoreRelatedThe Wond erful Wizard Of Oz754 Words   |  4 Pagesobjects represent anger while white characters symbolize good. Baum uses colors to a greater extent when he takes his protagonist Dorothy through the magical land of Oz. Colors in this novel play a crucial part in separating Dorothy’s home life in Kansas from her adventure through Oz. L. Frank Baum’s use of colors in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz symbolize maturity, loyalty and protection within the characters of the novel. To begin this tale, L. Frank Baum opens with Dorothy in her hometown Kansas. Dorothy’sRead MoreElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper Paved the Way for Interior Designers1121 Words   |  5 PagesElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper were three extraordinary women who pioneered the field we know today as interior decorating. All three of these women grew up in high societies, which gave them an excellent understanding of the rich, the famous and their expensive tastes. De Wolfe, McMillen, and Draper all had prominent careers from the mid 1800’s until the early to mid 1900’s. Most of their work was for the rich and famous in American high societies. Elsie de Wolfe wasRead MoreElsie de Wolfe, Eleanor McMillen Brown, and Dorothy Drapers Impacts on Interior Decorating886 Words   |  4 PagesMcMillen Brown, and Dorothy Draper. Their styles and way of doing things put them down in the books as some of the greatest. Between the decorators their styles vary, some have similarities while some are completely different. For instance, Elsie de Wolfe who is considered to be the first lady of interior decoration believed in simplicity, suitability, and proportion. She hated the Victorian style but she loved the complete opposite, French style. Everything had to be white and gold with elegantRead MoreWizard Of Oz Analysis Essay1079 Words   |  5 Pagescomes just after the house has been picked up in the twister. Dorothys house has been lifted up into the sky and suddenly dropped back down to earth in the middle of the Land of Oz. In the scene itself, Dorothy leaves her home to see that she is Not in Kansas anymore, and finds the new and amazing world of the munchkin city in front of her. She also meets Gwendela the good witch as her journey in Oz begins. Shot 1: Wide shot. View behind Dorothy in black and white. Dorothy opens the door toRead MoreThere s No Place Like Home1127 Words   |  5 PagesChristmas, â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† was on, and luckily, it had just started! However, being eight, and for seeing it for the first time, one of the things I didn’t understand about the movie was the fact that the 1930’s and 40’s weren’t ACTUALLY black and white. I also failed to understand that â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† wasn’t about a girl on LSD, and that â€Å"The Wizard of Oz† symbolized something Kansas, and there was more to the story than what meets the eye†¦ Kansas, when you haven’t lived in the Great Plains atRead MoreThe Wizard of Oz Film1371 Words   |  5 Pagesof Oz is a musical fantasy film about a girl named Dorothy who lives in dull, colorless Kansas. She lives with her aunt, uncle, and interacts everyday with the farmhands. Ms. Gulch, Dorothy’s nasty neighbor comes to take Toto because he had bit her and she got a warrant to seize the dog. Dorothy runs away with Toto, but after encountering a fortune teller, she returns. During a tornado she is knocked unconscious, only to wake up to find her house has been picked up and swept away to a place of vibrantRead MoreThe Wizard Of Oz By F. Frank Baum1604 Words   |  7 PagesOriginal Song for Over the Rainbow. The Wizard of Oz s theme is about a girl named Dorothy, unappreciative of what she has at home. In spite of the fact that Oz was a magical place with witches good and bad, wizards and talking animals, Dorothy missed her life in Kansas. She was also saddened that she had forsaken her obligation to care for her aunt back home. The film begins with Dorothy in Kansas. During a terrible tornado, she is unwillingly whipped up and dropped into the landRead MoreDeed To My Property Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagesbreath and took her purse from her side. She reached inside of it, pulled out an envelope and removed some papers and laid them on the table, along with a pen. Dorothy sat up straight to take a closer view of the papers. â€Å"This here is the deed to my property; the house and the one hundred acres it sits on. Now I’m not giving it to you, but I want you to have in case something happens to me. I can’t put your name on it because it belongs to me, but if something happens to me, I wanna make sure myRead MoreEssay on Dorothys Heroic Journey in The Wizard of Oz1286 Words   |  6 Pages42). In The Wizard of Oz, the ordinary world and the beginning of the adventure are presented with stunning visual effects. Dorothy, the protagonist, is shown struggling in her ordinary world. She is confronted by the mean neighbor Miss Gulch who wants to take away Dorothy’s dog Toto and give him to the animal control authorities because of Toto’s bad behavior. Dorothy reacts childishly with a temper tantrum, begging her Uncle Henry and Aunt Em not to let Miss Gulch have her way. She confrontsRead MoreWizard of Oz Political Allegory1305 Words   |  6 Pageslike home†, repeated Dorothy. A young girl trying to go back home to Kansas after a cyclone lands her and her dog, Toto, in the Land of Oz. There Dorothy meets the Scarecrow, the TinMan, and the Cowardly Lion who are all in need of something that is considered important to them; a brain, a heart, and courage. Along the way, they have to travel to Emerald City to see the Wizard of Oz, directed by the Good Witch of t he North, especially for Dorothy to get back home. However, Dorothy and the gang run into

The Realism Movement Of France - 1606 Words

The Realism Movement in France Gustave Courbet, a major influence of the Realism movement, defined Realism as a human conclusion which awakened the very forces of man against paganism, Greco-Roman art, the Renaissance, Catholicism, and the gods and demigods, in short against the conventional ideal† (New World Encyclopedia). According to the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, the definition of realism is the theory or practice in art or literature of fidelity to nature or to real life and to accurate representation without idealization of the most typical views, details, and surroundings of the subject (Merriam-Webster). Realism was an artistic and cultural movement that first occurred in Europe during the mid-nineteenth century. It†¦show more content†¦It was based on direct observation of the modern world, with more focus on the life of the majority and not just the elite. Writers and artists started to move away from the old traditions and styles and started to portray reality. Realist writers tried to accurately reflect social conditions in their novels, and realist painters created works with almost photographic attention to detail (â€Å"Notes†). Literary Realism began as a cultural movement with its roots in France, where it rapidly spread to different countries in Europe. In literature, realism came into being as a response to Romanticism, and it was an attempt to focus literature on the objective and the concrete. Early theorists of Realism advocated a plain writing style, devoid of moral intention or authorial interpretation, that was primarily concerned with character and represented common people engaged in everyday activities (â€Å"French†). Authors began writing works that possessed several unique characteristics such as the stories, or plots, being simple and secondary to the characters who tended to be from the lower or middle class and spoke the way people really heard them. 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Two of these classifications are the Realist and the Impressionist movements. Realism, in the 1850’s, rose as a reaction to the Romanticism which, through its works, elicited a strong emotional response from the observer by allowing the artist’s creativity and imagination become more important that a compliance to traditional

Accounting Theory and Current Issue PAT

Question: Discuss about the Accounting Theory and Current Issuefor PAT. Answer: Introduction The main topic of this paper is to analyze positive approach in the field of accounting research. The critique is mainly intended to critically analyze the selected article namely Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research in systematically for exploring areas of strengths and limitations. The key arguments of this paper are related to the way of conducting accounting research by using the positive approach. In this critique paper, the arguments are presented for the practice of Positive accounting theory (PAT) in the systematic manner. The paper includes article summary, research question, framework based on theories, articles importance and limitations and summary to examine the arguments of the selected article effectively. Summary of the Article In the selected article, researcher examined the positive approach to conduct accounting research. In this, positive accounting research is explained as one of the key academic branch of a scientific research in which explanation over the cause and effect relationships is significant. The researcher seeks to determine the importance and limitations of PAT based on the conducted academic projects. Ontology and epistemology perspectives of the accounting research programs including positive approach is also analyzed in this paper to access the deficiencies of accounting research practice in against to the actual accounting needs. In this, positive accounting research programs are considered as way to explain and causes of particular human behavior in the real-world accounting settings (Dunmore, 2010). For example: firms reactions towards newly proposed accounting standards and law and the basis of selecting accosting policies. A range of accounting and auditing literature is reviewed in this article to understand key problems with the ways and methods of performing accounting research actually. Its consequences in terms of developing wide and accurate research project are also determined. This article includes analysis over some aspects of positive amounting research including the model of developing theoretical models and the logic of hypothesis testing for critically analyzing the difference between the predictable and actual performance of positive approach in the accounting field (Dunmore, 2010). Kuhn view of normal science is advocated to improve positive accounting research due its ability to allow researcher to make scientific study. The current positive approach is indicated ineffective in terms of examining a perspective on scientific basis. Normal science defines standards to find solution of a problem, which focuses on collecting detail regarding a theory without creating questions for the previous assumptions. By considering the perspective of normal science, positive accounting research can be performed more effectively (Bar-Am, 2014). Research Questions or hypotheses In the selected article, there are no clearly defined hypotheses, but at the same time, it is indicated that overall discussion is based on the four hypothesis of scientific research project. The first hypotheses of scientific research program are existence of world beyond the imagination and control in which events cannot be controlled by the human. The causes of such events are the part of this world and it is because, it is not a creation of the outer world. The causes of events can be understood by human by making careful examination (Dunmore, 2010). Due to this, complete disconnection to the world is critical to make right observation for an event. The main intention of using observation is to understand world and the causes of its events to conduct intellectual enquiry with the application of mental models. The researcher in this article seeks only to determine the willingness of suspending ones critical aspect and to sacrifice logic. In scientific enquiry, it is generally assu med that events in this world are caused by the non-worldly things. But, there is still a disagreement regarding the role of human in the events. Human behavior is critically explained in accounting setting is discussed in this research. The main question of this research is to determine the way scientific research program or positive approach is applied in the field of accounting for determining insufficiencies, which are responsible for limiting the ability to conduct a highly scientific enquiry (Dunmore, 2010). The reasons of ineffectiveness of positive research in accounting field are determined. The above questions and perspectives of the selected article are critical to examine the process of knowledge development in the scientific enquiry of accounting field. This would be useful to determine the deficiencies of positive accosting research and to bring improved changes. It may help to improve the quality of conclusions are made in the research regarding different accounting standards and principles (Fink, 2013). The results of this research are likely to increase reliability and relevancy of the accounting research. The value of the developed research questions is flowed from the included literature reviews as in this range of accounting and auditing literature is used to quote different examples of scientific ontology and epistemology in positive accounting research. The literature of this article is effective to provide sufficient evidences of testing theories, models and conceptual framework of accounting research based on the positive approach. The literature also provides theoretical bases to explain the existing processes and methods in the positive research accounting to consider the inclusion of scientific approach (Cottrell McKenzie, 2011). Thus, the literature firstly analyzes the application of positive research in accounting field and then provides suggestions to conduct more scientific study in accounting field with the use of positive approach. Theoretical Framework The theoretical viewpoints of past studies are included in this article to develop a theoretical framework to analyze the implementation of positive approach in the field of accounting. The key theoretical perspective of this research is PAT, which seeks to predict the choices and reactions of accountants for the accounting principles and standards across differing firms. It mainly concerned with the accountants behavior in the accounting settings of a firm. This theory argues that firms organize and present them efficiently through the use of accounting principles and standards (Van Mourik Walton, 2013). It is indicated that accounting phenomena is a result of rational self-interest of the parties, which are interacted in the organizations through express or implied contracts. PAT theory includes the analysis of real events of accounting field to develop predictions regarding the thinking process behind the dveloplement of financial reporting for accounting transactions. The adoption of PAT in real organization mainly requires elimination of self-interested human behavior as it could lead to the more reliability, relevancy, understandability and comparability in the financial reporting of an organization (Chambers Dean, 2013). Karl Poppers theory of falsifiability is also a key element of the theoretical framework of the selected article. On the basis of this theory, scientific evaluation positive approach of accounting is performed. The criterion of falsifiability is applied in this article to examine whether it is possible to establish the falsifiability in principle within the positive accounting research. In accordance to falsifiability criterion, a theory can only be scientific if its falsifiability can be established in terms of principles (Kaldis, 2013). By using this theoretical perspective, the scientific nature of the positive accounting research is examined. The explanation of a theory in the measurable manner is critical to make it scientific as outer and inner aspects have potential to influence the observation and knowledge on which basis scientific principles and standards are developed. This indicates that personal experiences and biasness can influence the prediction and examination of fir ms choices for accounting standards and reactions over the newly proposed accounting standards. The influence of experiences on the personality and behavior is also indicated through the inclusion of causal theory of human behavior (Duncan, 2011). Learning plays a mediating role in developing behavior and personality on the basis of experiences. Apart from this, the concept of audit-fee is also used to develop theoretical perspective in this article in which it is indicated that fee of auditors is closely related with complexity and quality of auditing (Jalilvand Malliaris, 2013). Kuhns normal science theory is also a key theoretical element of this article. By including principles and assumptions, this theory is explained and discussed. This theory indicates the importance of common paradigm to ensure the presence of scientific nature in a theory. The theory of normal science considers the problem-solving nature of science and thus the success of each theory is not critical (Bar-Am, 2014). Normal science theory encourages researcher to conduct in-depth study and to adopt puzzle-solving approach to conduct a scientific enquiry. Due to this, theory of normal science is regarded as an important way to determine limitations of positive accounting research. On the basis of Kuhns normal science theory, the researcher has detaile d the insufficiencies in the implementation of positive approach in the accounting research and practice (Kuhn, 2012). The Significance and Limitations of the Article By reviewing the selected article, some significances and limitations of the article are also identified. Data collection method of this article is the key strength of this article as due to this range of diverse opinions and views regarding the application of positive accounting research is included in the article. This allowed researcher to justify the favorable and unfavorable arguments for the application of positive approach in the accounting research, which contributes in increasing the significance of this articles content and knowledge. The inclusion of existing literature from the accounting and auditing discipline enabled researcher to develop relevant theoretical framework for the study by considering different concepts and theories (Cottrell McKenzie, 2011). This method of data collection facilitated a good approach to answer the research question properly and carefully. The framework of this study is also one of the key strengths of this article as it provided a way to answer the developed research question in the systematic manner and to generate the relevant findings. The structures feature of gradual assessment of the relevant theories and arguments related to the research question enabled researchers to understand the limitations of positive approach in the particle accounting research. The assessment of different theories and identified limitations of positive accounting research is followed by informed recommendations and conclusion, which also enhances value of this articles content to improve the application of positive approach in the accounting field. Ontology and epistemology perspectives of positive research is also examined the on the basis of theoretical framework. However, the more emphasis on the theories makes this researchs outcomes less practical. The practicability aspect of this article is less strong, which may affect its significance. Apart from this, there are several theories are used in this article to justify and present the arguments regarding the positive accounting research (Dunmore, 2010). This article lacks consideration over the limitations of theories, which may affect the relevancy and reliability of the presented arguments regarding positive accounting research. At the end of the research, some recommendations are provided to apply the positive approach in accounting research effectively. The suggestions also emphasizes on theories rather than practicability. The included theories are discussed effectively to indicate the areas of weaknesses and required improvements in the current approach of implementing positive approach in the accounting field. This article does not highlight the ways to which suggested methods can be applied in positive accounting research (Dunmore, 2010). It makes the results of this study less useful for the users, which limits value of this article for addressing the limitations of positive accounting research. Conclusions On the basis of above discussed article, it can be stated that developed and presented critiques in this article is quite useful to understand the positive accounting research in context of the real settings. This article includes meaningful discussion over the related concepts and theories. Several theories such as PAT, Poppers falsification, normal science and causal human behavior theories are presented and discussed in this to analyze positive research in the accounting field. The deficiencies in the construction of theoretical models, hypothesiss testing models, inclusion of quantitative aspects and analysis of qualitative data is determined in this article, which affect application of PAT in practical research. However, lack of viability is determined in the methodology that has potential to affect the researchs outcomes. References Bar-Am, N. (2014). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 50th. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 44(5), 688-701. Chambers, R. J., Dean, G. W. (2013). Chambers on Accounting: Logic, Law and Ethics (Vol. 6). UK: Routledge. Cottrell, R. R., McKenzie, J. F. (2011). Health promotion and education research methods: Using the five-chapter thesis/dissertation model. USA: Jones Bartlett Publishers. Duncan, S. M. (2011). How Free Will Works: A Dualist Theory of Human Action. USA: Wipf and Stock Publishers. Dunmore, P.V. (2010). Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Retrieved From: https://www.massey.ac.nz/~pvdunmor/HalfaDefence.pdf Fink, A. (2013). Conducting research literature reviews: From the Internet to paper. USA: Sage Publications. Jalilvand, A., Malliaris, T. (Eds.). (2013). Risk management and corporate governance. UK: Routledge. Kaldis, B. (2013). Encyclopedia of philosophy and the social sciences (Vol. 1). USA: SAGE. Kuhn, T.S. (2012). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions: 50th Anniversary Edition. UK: University of Chicago Press. Van Mourik, C., Walton, P. (2013). The Routledge Companion to Accounting, Reporting and Regulation. UK: Routledge.