If saudi Arabia a person what it should be what would you like to Essay

If saudi Arabia a person what it should be what would you like to change in Saudi Arabia and why - Essay Example The person would be fond of eating and would be regular customer of world’s largest and most variant cuisines. The person would be particularly fond of dry fruits, specially dates. The person would always dress in the traditional white cloak and would preferably communicate with others in Arabic. One thing that I do not like about Saudi Arabia is the fact that the native people of Saudi Arabia show very little interest in learning a second language. A vast majority of the native people know no other language but Arabic. This makes it very difficult for the foreigners to communicate with them. Linguistic barriers are the biggest hindrance in the way of development of rapport between the native people of Saudi Arabia and the foreigners. It is very good and essential for a nation to give due importance to its own language, but government should take measures to make people learn at least one second language i.e. the international language like English so that they may also commun icate with the outer world.

A Farewell to Arms Summary and Critical Analysis Essay Example for Free

A Farewell to Arms Summary and Critical Analysis Essay Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in suburban Oak Park, IL, to Dr. Clarence and Grace Hemingway. Ernest was the second of six children to be raised in the quiet suburban town. His father was a physician, and both parents were devout Christians. Hemingway had an aptitude for physical challenge that engaged him through high school, where he both played football and boxed. Because of permanent eye damage contracted from numerous boxing matches, Hemingway was repeatedly rejected from service in World War I. Hemingway also edited his high school newspaper and reported for the Kansas City Star, adding a year to his age after graduating from high school in 1917. After this short stint, Hemingway finally was able to participate in World War I as an ambulance driver for the American Red Cross. He was wounded on July 8, 1918, on the Italian front near Fossalta di Piave. During his convalescence in Milan, he had an affair with a nurse, Agnes von Kurowsky. Hemingway received two decorations from the Italian government, and he joined the Italian infantry. Clarence Hemingway had been suffering from hypertension and diabetes. This painful experience is reflected in the pondering of Robert Jordan in For Whom the Bell Tolls. In addition to personal experiences with war and death, Hemingways extensive travel in pursuit of hunting and other sports provided a great deal of material for his novels. Bullfighting inspired Death in the Afternoon, published in 1932. In 1934, Hemingway went on safari in Africa, which gave him new themes and scenes on which to base The Snows of Kilamanjaro and The Green Hills of Africa, published in 1935. In 1950 he published Across the River and Into the Trees, though it was not received with the usual critical acclaim. In 1952, however, Hemingway proved the comment Papa is finished wrong, in that The Old Man and the Sea won the Pulitzer Prize in 1953. In 1954, he won the Nobel Prize for Literature. On July 2, 1961, he died of self-inflicted gunshot wounds. He was buried in Ketchum. Papa was both a legendary celebrity and a sensitive writer, and his influence, as well as some unseen writings, survived his passing. In 1964, A Moveable Feast was published; in 1969, The Fifth Column and Four Stories of the Spanish Civil War; in 1970, Islands in the Stream; in 1972, The Nick Adams Stories; in 1985, The Dangerous Summer; and in 1986, The Garden of Eden. Hemingways own life and character are as fascinating as in any of his stories. On one level, Papa was a legendary adventurer who enjoyed his flamboyant lifestyle and celebrity status. However, deep inside lived a disciplined author who worked tirelessly in pursuit of literary perfection. Being married before or after doesn’t effect the child physically or delays its birth. Marriage in this sense is the outward form of their love. Marriage in the physical sense before or after the fact means nothing as with Catherine’s early comment of â€Å"I couldn’t be any more married. † Henry and Catherine surely learned that they were in love no matter married or not. Having a ring on the finger doesn’t make the love any stronger it just a psychical representation of their love. Henry ignores the temptations of the outward forms of religion, love, and symbols as he achieves becoming authentic. The conclusion of â€Å"A Farewell To Arms† with all its death is marked by a rebirth. Henry looses his child and his lover. He finally achieves the status of being authentic in the final scene â€Å"It was like saying good-by to a statue. After a while I went out and left the hospital and walked back to the hotel in the rain. † Henry prior to Catherine death was seeking hope. During Catherine’s final hour Henry prayed to God once more only to go unanswered: Please, please, please, dear God, don’t let her die. Dear God, don’t let her die. Please, please, please, don’t let her die. God please don’t make her die. I’ll do anything you say if you don’t let her die. You took the baby but don’t let her die. That was all right but don’t let her die. Please, please, dear God, don’t let her die. He now knows all the things around him are false. Henry now knows the true forms of religion, patriotism, and love are empty forms of hope. He know knows that any hope must only come from within. Henry is now an authentic in that â€Å"He walks quietly back to the hotel in the rain. † and knows that only he can shape his destiny.

Degenerative Joint Disease Or Osteo Arthritis Nursing Essay

Degenerative Joint Disease Or Osteo Arthritis Nursing Essay Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of disability in the United States. Osteoarthritis affects an estimated 27 million Americans. This painful condition develops when there is a breakdown of cartilage in the joints (Shaw, 2012, p.1). Osteoarthritis can occur with age, or it can be caused by a joint injury or stress on the joints from a specific job, sport or being overweight. Over time, some people experience extreme inflammation and permanent damage to the joint. The joint may even need to be surgically replaced. The chance of developing the disease increases with age. Most people over age 60 have osteoarthritis to some degree, but its severity varies. Even people in their 20s and 30s can get osteoarthritis. In people over 50, more women than men get osteoarthritis (Gazella, 2009). Bone ends are covered with a layer of cartilage and lubricated by a synovial fluid to provide less friction and a smooth surface for the bones to move over each other. The whole joint is enclosed by the synovial sac (Gazella, 2009). In osteoarthritis, the cartilage becomes thinner and rougher while the bone underneath thickens. The ends of the bones start to rub against each other which causes pain and even more damage. The bones try to repair themselves, but this is not very successful, so it results in a more uneven surface of spurs and cracks. The synovium also produces extra fluid, which results in swelling, and there are changes to the ligaments, which cause movement restriction. Muscles may also become weaker Progression is slow and many patients diagnosed with OA will not suffer a great degree of deterioration (Gazella, 2009). The most common other form of arthritis is rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which has a different pattern of signs and symptoms, although some of the symptoms may overlap. Symptoms of OA can also vary, with flares and remission, which can make diagnosis more difficult. Other factors such as the cold and damp weather often can increase pain. One complication which can occur is calcification, which is when deposits of calcium crystals form in the cartilage to cause further swelling and the joint can become hot and red. Pain and stiffness in the joints are the most common symptom. The pain is often worse after exercise and when you put weight or pressure on the joint. Your joints may ache, or the pain may feel burning or sharp. For some people, the pain may come and go. Constant pain or pain while you sleep may be a sign that your arthritis is getting worse. When you have arthritis, getting up in the morning can be hard. Your joints may feel stiff and creaky for a short period of time, until you get moving. You may also get stiff from sitting. The muscles around the joint may get weaker. This happens a lot with arthritis in the knee. Arthritis can cause swelling in joints, making them feel tender and sore. Joints can start to look like they are the wrong shape, especially as arthritis gets worse. As it gets worse, you may not be able to fully bend, flex, or extend your joints. Or you may not be able to use them at all. Your joints may make crunching, creaking sounds. This creaking may also occur in a normal joint. But in most cases, it doesnt hurt and doesnt mean that there is anything wrong with the joint. The phrase morning stiffness refers to the pain and stiffness you may feel when you first wake up in the morning. Stiffness usually lasts for 30 minutes or less. It can be improved by mild activity that warms up the joint (Shaw, 2012). There are several factors that can increase the risk for developing osteoarthritis, including heredity, obesity, injury, or overuse of certain joints. People born with abnormalities are more likely to develop osteoarthritis. Some people have an inherited defect in one of the genes responsible for making collagen a major component of cartilage; this causes defective cartilage, which leads to more rapid deterioration of joints (Gazella, 2009). Obesity increases the risk of osteoarthritis. Maintaing ideal weight or losing excess weight may help prevent osteoarthritis, or decrease the rate of progression once osteoarthritis is established. Injuries contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. For example, athletes who have knee-related injuries may be at higher risk of developing osteoarthritis of the knee. In addition, people who have had a severe back injury may be predisposed to develop osteoarthritis of the spine. People who have had a broken bone extending into the joint margin are prone to develop osteoarthritis in that joint (Osteoarthritis, 2009). Overuse of certain joints increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not associated with fever, weight loss, or anemia. As of now there is no known cure for osteoarthritis, but treatments can help to reduce pain and maintain joint movement. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) can relieve pain, but doesnt reduce inflammation. It has been shown to be effective for people with osteoarthritis who have mild pain to moderate pain. Taking more than the recommended dose can cause liver damage (Mayo Clinic, 2012). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs reduce inflammation and reduce pain. Over-the-counter NSAIDs can cause stomach upset, ringing in your ears, cardiovascular problems, bleeding problems, and liver and kidney damage. Narcotics typically contain ingredients similar to codeine and may provide relief from more severe osteoarthritis pain. These stronger medications carry a risk of dependence, though that risk is thought to be small in people who have severe pain. Side effects include nausea, constipation, and sleepiness (Researchers from National Research Center Describe Findings in Osteoarthritis, 2012). Working with a physical therapist can help. The physical therapist can work with you to create an individualized exercise regimen that will strengthen the muscles around your joint, increase the range of motion in your joint and reduce your pain. Find ways to go about your day without stressing your joints. Consider trying splints, braces, shoe inserts or other medical devices that can help reduce your pain. These devices can immobilize or support your joint to help you keep pressure off it (Gazelle, 2009). The Arthritis Foundation and some medical centers have classes for people with osteoarthritis or chronic pain. These classes teach skills that help manage osteoarthritis pain. Injections of corticosteroid medications may relieve pain in the joint. During this procedure the doctor numbs the area around the joint, and then inserts a needle in the space within the joint and injects medication. The number of cortisone shots you can receive each year is limited, because the medication can cause joint damage (Mayo Clinic, 2012). Injections of hyaluronic acid derivatives may offer pain relief by providing some cushioning in your knee. These treatments are made of rooster combs and are similar to a component normally found in your joint fluid (Mayo Clinic, 2012). In joint replacement surgery (arthoplasty), the surgeon removes the damaged joint surfaces and replaces them with plastic and metal devices called prostheses. The hip and knee joints are the most commonly replaced joints. Surgical risks include infections and blood clots. Artificial joints can wear out or come loose and may need to eventually be replaced (Shaw,2012). Medications and other treatments are key to managing pain and disability, but another major component to treatment is your own attitude. Your ability to cope despite pain and disability caused by osteoarthritis often determines how much of an impact osteoarthritis will have on your everyday life. Make a plan with your doctor for managing your arthritis. This will help make you feel that youre in charge of your disease rather than vice versa. Studies show that people who take control of their treatment and actively manage their arthritis experience less pain and function better (Mayo Clinic, 2012). It is also important that you know your limits. Rest when you think it might be needed. Arthritis can make a person feel fatigued and makes that person prone to muscle weakness, a deep exhaustion that makes everything you do a great effort. Resting or taking a short nap that doesnt interfere with nighttime sleep may help a great deal.

Sympathy for PIP :: essays research papers

Great Expectations Dickens’ gripping novel of 1861, Great Expectations, portrays his distinguishing tendency to exaggerate both plot and characters. Chapter eight enhances his main aim of initiating sympathy for Pip, and this, consequently, lasts for the novel’s entirety. We are shown similarities between Dickens’ early childhood memories and the protagonist’s inability to defend himself against the injustices he discovers throughout the early years of life. Dickens successfully creates a sympathetic mood through a range of techniques, including an exquisite use of emotive dialogue, sophisticated imagery and symbolism. He explores and brings originality to timeless themes such as fear, loneliness, luck, classism, social justice, humiliation, and humor, which is cleverly incorporated into his writing for the first time to bring an uplifting mood to an otherwise dark and disturbing tone. His use of Miss Havisham and Estella as tools to evoke sympathy and casting the central character as the narrative voice increases compassion and creates a dramatic attitude. In this essay, I will also examine the opening and ending of the chapter, which contribute to its overall effect. Opening and Ending of the chapter After the initial detailed account of Pumblechook and his home, we are immediately endeared to Pip and express sympathy when he begins to depict the low ceiling of his attic space. Our sympathy is again increased and contained throughout the entire chapter – from the humorous torment of Pumblechook’s sums to meeting the somewhat frightening Miss Havisham and stepping inside her lonely, dilapidated abode. Pip’s already dire situation is once again worsened by Estella and Miss Havisham’s cruel and menacing comments about the situation in which he finds himself. They arouse our consideration through the way in which they interact, both with each other and with Pip, making him feel ‘much more ignorant’ than he had considered himself the previous night. His growing obsession with Estella and her view upon him drags down his self-esteem to an all time low and consequently builds our sympathy towards him. It is here that his feeling of despair and worthlessness present him with the new target of becoming a gentleman, so far from his status at that present time. Social Class Great Expectations frequently refers us to the present class system of a post-Industrial Revolution Victorian England. The theme of social underlines the book’s overall plot and moral theme that loyalty and conscience are worth more than social advancement, wealth and class. During the 19th century, there were vast differences in social class. Although it was incredibly easy to slip down the social ladder, the poor often resorted to begging or stealing in order to

Urban Design and Contemporary Buildings

Contemporary Architects are invariably forcing the bounds when planing edifices and are traveling against taking Urban Theorists in how new developments should associate to their environing context and how urban design rules should utilised to make fresh urban infinites. The extent at which Architects and Designers are withstanding the environment context to plan edifices can be seen as debatable and has led to the milieus being perceived in a negative mode. Such as when the historical facets of the urban scene are being subjected to modern-day edifices, can these edifices coincide to supply a positive impact and how do they sit side by side with each other as old and new but still supply the cardinal facets of urban design ( Tomback, n. vitamin D: 5 ) ? Traditional urban theoreticians such as Kevin Lynch, Gordon Clutch, Jane Jacobs and Christian Alexander and many more, who are interior decorators and authors have documented and provided theories on how urban infinites should be interpreted for urban design. Urban Design is a procedure used to do topographic points better for people which otherwise would hold been produced ( Carmona, Tiesdell, Heath & A ; Oc, 2010: 3 ) . The Essay will concentrate on how modern-day interior decorators such as Daniel Libeskind, Frank Gehry, Rem Koolhaas, Will Alsop and Zaha Hadid and more have created edifices which have become accepted in the urban scene because they provide positive effects. To understand how modern-day edifice interior decorators have provided positive effects on the urban scene is the usage of the chief rules of urban design which are people, topographic points, political relations and economic sciences ( Carmona, Tiesdell, Heath & A ; Oc, 2010: 3 ) . Using instance surveies from assorted modern-day edifices which have been perceived as misunderstood due to plan can be used to analyze how these edifice have created positive impacts in footings of consciousness to the environing country and have hence been accepted into the urban scene. Urban design rules are being used to make successful edifices that are connected to their contextual milieus. But modern-day edifices by interior decorators are utilizing urban design rules but are non sing the context but in making so they are later bring forthing positive effects in reinvigorating the urban scene. Due to the fact that in the past century technological promotions have led people to go progressively nomadic, while metropoliss are non and are stationary. Cities have to constantly seek method to derive attractive force for economic benefits, they do this by sharing their history and cultural heritage to supply a better sense of life and work environment to pull investors. Councils strive to set their towns and metropoliss on the map by utilizing the counsel of urban theoreticians to obtain an urban design vision ( Cousseran et al, 2006: 31 ) . Iconic edifices are being designed to derive the lead in this competitory race for attending by utilizing modern-day edifices to heighten the prestigiousness of the metropolis. Planing Iconic edifices can increase the metropoliss reputation through deriving an addition in population, new investings and an addition in touristry taking to economic regeneration. Such was the instance in Venice in the Renaissance epoch by pulling all the designers, creative persons and craftsmen they were able to build memorials and graphicss which led to commercial prosperity and being known as â€Å"the metropolis in love with itself† ( Cousseran et al, 2006: 31 ) . Contemporary edifices are being designed in metropoliss to make better investing environments to demo that they mean concern. They are besides utilizing urban infinites to make consciousness, taking to some modern-day interior decorators to seek urban design undertakings ( Cousseran et al, 2006: 31 ) . Economic advantages for planing utilizing modern-day edifice designs are cardinal constituents to the entreaty of modern-day designs in the urban scene. Therefore, architecture in modern-day footings is non merely idea of as economically feasible or for economic additions. Contemporary edifices are used to symbolize wealth and aesthetic beauty in the urban environment, they are iconic sculptural exhibits for the populace, something that people can mass and flock towards and to do indigens proud. The success of the Guggenheim Museum in Balboa ( figure 1 ) designed by Frank Gehry was due to its modern-day design and has shown what modern-day architecture can portray to reinvigorate the urban scene. The edifice design put one of the largest metropoliss in Spain on the map, during a clip of economic and societal diminution. The positive result of the Guggenheim Museum in balboa has in bend divine towns to mime and make reproductions of Bilbao’s success, taking to what is now known as the â€Å"Bilbao effect† ( Cousseran et al, 2006: 31 ) . The Guggenheim Museum has for the environing part created better prosperity for the metropolis. In the 1980s Bilbao was enduring from rapid societal struggles and force, taking to many companies retreating investings and go forthing to other more comfortable metropoliss. The authorities decided to that it required a regeneration undertaking to better the metropolis ( Cousseran et al, 2006: 31 ) . Receiving international exhilaration and positive reappraisals immediately projected the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao into planetary headlines. The touristry industry boomed conveying in 800,000 to 1,000,000 people in yearly of which 90 % were from outside of the state. The economic impact of the Guggenheim Museum which required $ 124.8 million in support has continuously paid this back many times over, taking to the council being able to better the urban scene by developing new hotels, conveyance systems, map halls and public assemblage locations such as Parkss, coffeehouse and public graphics and sculptures. The â€Å"Bilbao effect† came into consequence thanks to Frank Gehry, to the general populace this may non be important but to urban contrivers, politicians and Museum art managers it means the transmutation of metropoliss by making new social/cultural edifices to pull occupants, tourers and investors ( The Art Newspaper, 2007: 1 ) . Figure 1: Guggenheim Museum – Bilbao ( User: MykReeve, 2005 ) Although Frank Gehry was internationally successful for the usage of modern-day architecture in the urban environment, there have been instances where Frank Gehry’s work was non ab initio accepted. Not all modern-day designers are critically appraised on their modern-day edifice designs. There are instances where modern-day edifices are met with controversial unfavorable judgment. Much like Frank Gehry’s modern-day constructing the ‘Nationale-Nederlanden’ in Prague ( Figure 2 ) and his ain place in Santa Monica ( figure 3 ) , which were met with unfavorable judgment. The Nationale-Nederlanden in Prague is besides known as the Dancing House because of its alone form, dimensions and signifier. Controversy about the edifice was due to the fact that locals in the environing countries of which the edifice was constructed, occupied a historic urban background with edifices being of 19Thursdaycentury neo-renaissance manner and they disliked the difference in contrast. After 10 old ages of statements over the modern-day edifice, modern Prague is now observing the controversial edifice as being an iconic edifice which is pulling people. It was even awarded the honor of being the concluding gold coin in Prague for a series known as the â€Å"10 centuries of architecture† in 2005 by the Czech National Bank ( Dancing House, Prague, n.d ) . Even Frank Gehry’s place in Santa Monica was met by unfavorable judgment due to its assorted signifiers and the usage of stuffs which were disliked by the neighbouring occupants for non suiting into the environing context. The edifice received the 25 twelvemonth award for being a edifice which has stood the trial of clip by the AIA. After the old ages of success, people are sing the place like a tourer attractive force ( Frank Gehry House, n.d ) . Figure 2:The Dancing House – PragueFigure 3:Frank Gehry Home – Santa Monica ( Quinzani, 2008 ) ( User: Cygnusloop99, 2011 ) Even though these edifice were controversial at the clip they were constructed due to their strong contrast with the remainder of the urban scene over clip they have been able to travel past these disagreements, which has in bend led to more positive effects on the urban scene by making a more active and booming environment. The success of the Guggenheim Museum and credence in Bilbao was to make with the combined overall planning by the metropolis governments which worked hard on the development, because they were think about the hereafter of their metropolis ( Klingman, 2007: 248 ) . The same can be said about the Dancing House ( Nationale-Nederlanden ) in Prague, even though the edifice was met with unfavorable judgment because of its design the first President of the Czech Republic, Vaclav Havel who lived near to the edifice was a known subscriber and played an active function in acquiring the edifice constructed. The edifice was accepted by 68 % of the occupants and was allowed t o get down into a building stage, the edifice is now Prague’s foremost illustration of modern-day modern architecture and is often visited by tourers ( Bridges, 2011: 552 ) . There are many modern-day designers and interior decorators making modern-day architecture which seem to hold no relevancy in the traditional urban environment. But these interior decorators are able to utilize urban design rules, which are people, topographic point, political relations and economic sciences to positively heighten the environing urban infinite. I used Frank Gehry for my instance surveies in this essay to demo that as a prima modern-day designer his edifices consider the urban design rules but through utilizing iconic signifiers. Not ever are his designs met with positive responses because of the undoubtedly strong contrast to their milieus but they do make positive urban infinites and over clip they can go accepted into the urban scene. Bibliography The Art Newspaper. , ( 2007 ) .The â€Å"Bilbao Effect† : from hapless port to must-see metropolis,available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lord.ca/Media/TheArtNewspaper32-33Museums.pdf[ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 1. Tomback, D. H. ,Contemporary architecture in urban historical context,available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ehhf.eu/sites/g/files/g1439326/f/201407/Workshop 2.pdf [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 5. Galinsky.com. ,Dancing house, Prague. available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.galinsky.com/buildings/dancinghouse/ [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] . Timeout.com.Frank Gehry House. , available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.timeout.com/los-angeles/things-to-do/frank-gehry-house [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] . Klingman, A, . ( 2007 ) . Brandscape: Architecture in the Experience Economy, available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //contemporaryurbananthropology.com/pdfs/Klingmann, % 20Beyond % 20Bilbao.pdf [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 248. Bridges 2011: Mathematicss, Music, Art, Architecture, Culture, ( 2011 ) .A Brief Review of Frank O. Gehry and the Nationale- Nederlande Building,available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //archive.bridgesmathart.org/2011/bridges2011-551.pdf [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 552. Carmona, M. , Tiesdell, S. , Heath, T. & A ; Oc, T. ( 2010 )Public Places – Urban Spaces, 2neodymiumedition. [ on-line ] Elsevier Ltd. Available from:hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dawsonera.com/readonline/9781856179041 [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 3. Cousseran et Al, ( 2006 ) Urban Design Futures. [ on-line ] USA & A ; Canada, Routledge. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tandfebooks.com.ezproxy.liv.ac.uk/doi/view/10.4324/9780203601723 [ Accessed 3rd January 2015 ] , pp. 31. Figure 1, User: MykReeve ( 2005 )TheGuggenheim Museum Bilbao, along theNervion Riverin business districtBilbao[ Photograph ] . Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_R._Guggenheim_Foundation # mediaviewer/File: Guggenheim-bilbao-jan05.jpg ( Accessed 3rd January 2015 ) . Figure 2, Quinzan, D, . ( 2008 ) , [ Photograph ] . Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Case_danzanti.jpg ( Accessed 3rd January 2015 ) . Figure 3, User: Cygnusloop99 ( 2011 )Frank Gehry ‘s house in a classy country in Santa Monica. It is built upon an old house, with new elements added into the frame.[ Photograph ] . Available from hypertext transfer protocol: //commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File: Gehry_House_-_Image01.jpg ( Accessed 3rd January 2015 ) .

How to Find the Andromeda Constellation

How to Find the Andromeda Constellation The night skies of September and October herald the return of the constellation Andromeda. While not the showiest constellation in the sky, Andromeda harbors a fascinating deep-sky object and is the source of intriguing historical tales. Finding the Andromeda Constellation To find constellation Andromeda, first look for the W-shaped constellation Cassiopeia in the northern part of the sky. Andromeda is located directly next to Cassiopeia, and is also connected to a boxy shape of stars that make up the constellation Pegasus. Andromeda is visible to all northern hemisphere viewers and many, but not all, viewers south of the equator.   Andromeda constellation is attached to Pegasus the flying horse in the sky. The constellation Pisces lies at her feet. Each one of these constellations has deep-sky objects nearby for observers to search out. Carolyn Collins Petersen   The History of Andromeda In ancient Greece and Rome, the stars of Andromeda were seen in combination with the stars of Pisces to form a goddess of fertility. The Arabic astronomers saw Al Hut - a fish. In ancient China, stargazers saw various figures of legend in Andromedas stars, including a famous general and palaces for their emperors. In the south Pacific, where these constellations are low on the horizon, stargazers saw the stars of Andromeda, Cassiopeia, and Triangulum joined together as a porpoise.   The Brightest Stars of Andromeda Andromeda Constellation has four bright stars and numerous dimmer stars. The brightest is called ÃŽ ± Andromedae, or Alpheratz. Alpheratz is a binary star located less than 100 light-years away from us. It is shared with Pegasus, although its not formally part of that constellation The official IAU chart outlines the area that contains Andromeda constellation. It also shows nearby deep-sky objects. IAU/Sky Telescope   The second-brightest star in Andromeda is called Mirach, or ÃŽ ² Andromedae. Mirach is a red giant lying about 200 light-years away, located at the foot of a trio of stars that appear to lead to Andromedas most famous deep-sky object: the Andromeda Galaxy.   Deep Sky Objects in Constellation Andromeda The most famous deep sky object in the northern hemisphere sky is the Andromeda Galaxy, also known as M31. This object is a spiral galaxy that lies about 2.5 million light-years away from us. It is heavily populated with up to 400 billion stars and is thought to have two black holes at its heart.   The Andromeda Galaxy is the most distant object that can be spotted from Earth with the naked eye. To find it, head out to a dark observation location, then locate the star Mirach. From Mirach, trace a line out to the next stars. M31 will look like a faint smudge of light. The best way to look at it is through binoculars or a telescope, you will be able to make out the oval shape of the galaxy. It will appear to be facing you edge-on. At 2.5 million light-years, the Andromeda Galaxy is the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way. The term light-year was invented to handle the immense distances between objects in the universe. Later, parsec was developed for truly huge distances. Adam Evans/Wikimedia Commons. In the 1920s, the Andromeda Galaxy was known as the Andromeda Nebula, and for a long time, astronomers thought it was a nebula inside our own galaxy. Then, a young astronomer named Edwin Hubble took a look at it through the 2.5-meter Hooker telescope at Mount Wilson in California. He observed Cepheid variable stars in Andromeda and used Henrietta Leavitts period-luminosity relation to determine their distance. It turned out that the distance was too great for the so-called nebula to be in the Milky Way. The stars had to be located in a different galaxy. It was a discovery that changed astronomy.   More recently, the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope (named in Hubbles honor) has been studying the Andromeda Galaxy, taking detailed images of its billions of stars. Radio astronomers have mapped sources of radio emissions within the galaxy, and it remains an object of intense observation.   Andromeda and the Milky Way colliding, as seen from the surface of a planet inside our galaxy. Credit: NASA; ESA; Z. Levay and R. van der Marel, STScI; T. Hallas; and A. Mellinger In the far future, the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies will collide. The collision will form a massive new galaxy that some have dubbed Milkdromeda.